Difference between revisions of "Basic maneuvers/zh-cn"

Revision as of 08:25, 3 June 2013

本文是轨道机动的简单指南，尽量减少细节、数学计算、背景知识或者视频内容（这些都在其他文章中有详细的阐述）。本文可以看作游戏时的快速参考。

上升入轨

1. 垂直向上飞行至少 10 km。最佳上升速度参考下文列表。
2. 到达 10 km 高度后，开始向东缓慢进行重力转弯（导航球的 90 度方向，通常都是位于发射场的“右侧”）。你可以向其他方向做重力转弯，不过朝东转向，即保持 Kerbin 自转相同的方向，无疑可以利用自转速度节约燃料。
3. 继续加速直到轨道远点（按 M 键，移动鼠标指向 Ap 点显示轨道远点信息）大于 70 km（Kerbin 大气层的最高高度）—— 为保险起见最好高于 100 km 。
4. 关闭发动机（按 X 键）并等待飞行器运行到接近轨道远点。
5. 进行顺向加速（也就是，向飞行方向加速，即导航球的绿圈标志，直到轨道近点的高度也提升到 100 km 。

在上升段时把飞行速度保持在终端速度附近可以有效的节约燃料。低于终端速度，则会有额外的 delta-V 被用于克服重力，过高则被用于克服空气阻力：

Change Orbital Shape

In general, burning prograde will make your orbit "larger" and burning retrograde will make it "smaller".

Lower your apoapsis by burning retrograde (see navball) at your peripasis. Raise your apoapsis by burning prograde at your periapsis instead.

Lower your periapsis by burning retrograde at your apoapsis. Raise your periapsis by burning prograde at your apoapsis.

Match Orbital Inclination

If you want to orbit on the same plane as another object (planet, ship, etc) - set it as your target in the map view. You will see two green arrows labeled as the "ascending node" or "descending node" where the two orbital planes cross. At either of those points burn either "normal" or "antinormal" (which simply means "north" or "south" respectively if you are starting from an equatorial orbit).

If you need several burns to get to your desired inclination, remember that if you burn "normal" on one node you need to burn "antinormal" on the other to keep going the same direction.

It might also help to plan your burns using the orbital maneuver planning system in the map view, where normal and antinormal directions are labeled with purple icons. Matching orbital inclination is a crucial first step in a rendezvous or docking procedure.

Docking / Rendezvous

An orbital rendezvous is one of the most challenging manuvers, requiring a perfect match in orbit and position. Follow the steps below to get it right on your first try and feel like a space wizard. These steps also work for getting into orbit around planets and moons.

1. Go to the map view and use the maneuver tool.
2. Begin by matching your orbital inclination as described above. During the procedure below occasionally check to ensure that the inclination is exactly zeroed and make correction burns as necessary.
3. Bring one point on your orbit (ideally an apsis) tangent to the target orbit. You will see an orange/purple pair of arrows. Each colored arrow corresponds to the relative position of you and your target. The orange is the nearest encounter, and the purple is the next encounter after that.
4. At the point of nearest encounter maneuver to make:
   1. your orbits as close as possible to each other.
   2. the next encounter (probably right back here) to within 0.5km or so.
5. On reaching that encounter, burn to match velocity. Your orbits and velocities should now be nearly identical, and position separated only by a fraction of a kilometer.
6. Go back to the staging or docking screen. Click on the "point of reference" on the Navball until it displays the relative target velocity This number should be low at this point, within 10m/s.
7. Now slowly "drive" towards your target by aligning the "orbit prograde" and "target prograde" icons on your Navball. Do not exceed ~10m/s. You will probably want to just use RCS thrusters at this point. (If you forgot to put RCS on your rocket... good luck!)
8. Slow down gradually to ~1m/s by the time you are within 50 meters or so.
9. Try not to bump into anything while you are docking. See the docking article for how to actually connect your vessels.