Difference between revisions of "Basic maneuvers/ru"

Revision as of 07:51, 10 September 2014

Это - краткая "шпаргалка" по орбитальным маневрам, содержащая немного информации по особенностям, математике, вводной информации или видео-контенту (все это гораздо понятней представлено на других страницах и статьях). Эта статья, напротив, предназначена в качестве справочника, используемого в процессе игры.

Вывод на орбиту

1. Летите вертикально вверх, по крайней мере, 10 км. Посмотрите таблицу, приведенную ниже для выбора оптимальной скорости подъема.
2. После достижения 10 км., начните гравитационный маневр при помощи медленного наклона на восток (примерно 90 градусов на Вашем НавБолле, обычно "справа" от стандартного Стартового стола). Вы можете совершить наклон также и в другие направления, но движение на восток экономит топливо, поскольку к движению добавляется импульс от собственного вращения Кербина.
3. Продолжайте ускорение до тех пор, пока апоцентр Вашей траектории (нажмите клавишу M и наведите курсор мыши на узел "Ap") не станет выше 70 км. (верхняя граница атмосферы Кербина) - в идеальном случае, около 100 км.
4. Выключите подачу топлива к Вашим двигателям (нажатие на клавишу 'x') и ждите до того момента, пока не достигните точки апоцентра.
5. Ускоряйтесь по касательной к орбите (т.е. в направлении Вашего движения, которое представлено зеленой окружностью на Вашем НавБолле) до тех пор, пока перицентр Вашей орбиты (также отображаемый на Вашей карте) также не достигнет значения около 100 км.

Вы можете сохранить топливо при движении близко к своей предельной скорости падения во время подъема. Меньшая скорость расходует дельта-V на гравитационные потери, большая - расходует на противодействие воздушному сопротивлениию:

Изменение формы орбиты

In general, burning prograde will make your orbit "larger" and burning retrograde will make it "smaller".

Lower your apoapsis/ru by burning retrograde (see navball/ru) at your periapsis/ru. Raise your apoapsis by burning prograde at your periapsis/ru instead.

Lower your periapsis/ru by burning retrograde at your apoapsis/ru. Raise your periapsis by burning prograde at your apoapsis/ru.

Совмещение наклонения орбиты

If you want to orbit/ru on the same plane/ru as another object (planet/ru, ship/ru, etc.), set it as your target in the map view/ru. You will see two green arrows, labeled "ascending node" and "descending node," where the two orbital planes/ru cross.

The direction the craft needs to burn depends on which direction the current orbit is off from the target orbital inclination. When hovering over the ascending or descending node markers, it will show the difference in degrees. Both show the same difference, but the descending node show the value as a negative number while the ascending node show the value as a positive one. If the craft is passing through the ascending node, where the angle is positive, it needs to burn antinormal (South from an equatorial orbit), while if it's passing through the descending node, and the angle is negative, it should burn normal (North from an equatorial orbit).

If you need several burns to get to your desired inclination, remember that if you burn "normal" on one node you need to burn "antinormal" on the other to keep going the same direction.

It might also help to plan your burns using the orbital maneuver planning system in the map view/ru, where normal and antinormal directions are labeled with purple icons. Matching orbital inclination is a crucial first step in a rendezvous or docking/ru procedure.

Стыковка/Сближение

An orbital rendezvous/ru is one of the most challenging maneuvers/ru, requiring a perfect match in orbit/ru and position. Follow the steps below to get it right on your first try and feel like a space wizard. These steps also work for getting into orbit/ru around planets/ru and moons/ru.

1. Go to the map view/ru and use the maneuver/ru tool.
2. Begin by matching your orbital inclination as described above. During the procedure below occasionally check to ensure that the inclination is exactly zeroed and make correction burns as necessary.
3. Bring one point on your orbit (ideally an apsis) tangent to the target orbit. You will see an orange/purple pair of arrows. Each colored arrow corresponds to the relative position of you and your target. The orange is the nearest encounter, and the purple is the next encounter after that.
4. At the point of nearest encounter maneuver to make:
   1. your orbits as close as possible to each other.
   2. the next encounter (probably right back here) to within 0.5 km or so.
5. On reaching that encounter, burn to match velocity. To do this, go back to the staging or docking screen. Click on the "point of reference" on the Navball/ru until it displays the relative target velocity. Rotate the "Level indicator" (which indicates the direction your vehicle is pointing) until it is aligned with "Retrograde" marker and burn until you bring the relative target velocity (displayed at the top of the Navball) close to zero (ideally less than 1–2 m/s). At this point you have brought your vehicle close to the target and almost stationary relative to the target - your orbits and velocities should now be nearly identical, and position separated only by a fraction of a kilometer.
6. Now, rotate so that the "Level indicator" is aligned with the "Target Prograde" marker . This points the nose of your vehicle towards the target. You should keep these markers aligned as you approach the target until you are within a few metres and ready to make the final docking maneuvers. Using the SAS may help with this.
7. Activate your RCS system, this gives you the finest control of your approach.
8. Press the "H" key to start moving towards the target. You should keep the relative velocity low as you approach (less than 10 m/s when more than 500m away, slower as you approach). You should see the "Prograde" marker line up with the "Target Prograde" marker (check that you navball is still has the "Target" as its "Point of Reference"). Use the lateral thrust keys ("I","J","K" and "L") to adjust the "Prograde" marker as you approach, and keep it lined up with the "Target Prograde" marker.
9. As you get closer, use the "N" key to slow your approach. Slow down gradually to ~1 m/s by the time you are within 50 meters or so. Eventually come to a stop (0 m/s relative velocity) close to the target.
10. Try not to bump into anything while you are docking. See the docking article for how to actually connect your vessels.

Обратите внимание

• Basic Docking tutorial
• Cheat Sheet