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La Bible de l'astronome Kerbal Space Program : cartes de delta-v, équations et toutes les informations et références qui vous permettront d'aller au bon vous semble dans le système kerbollien, et de revenir.

Ceci est une traduction de la version anglaise, en cours par Mixoupe.

Formules et théorie

Ratio poussée-poids (TWR)

→ See also: Ratio poussée-poids

Si le ratio poussée-poids (thrust-yo-weight ration, TWR) est unférieur à 1, la fusée ne décollera pas du pas de tir. On utilise ici l'accélération de la pesanteur au niveau du sol (${\displaystyle g_{0}=9,81m/s^{2}}$ pour Kerbin) et la seconde loi de Newton.

${\displaystyle TWR={\frac {F}{m\cdot g_{0}}}>1}$

Où

• ${\displaystyle F}$ est la force de poussée des moteurs (en newtons.
• ${\displaystyle m}$ est la masse totale du vaisseau (en kilogrammes).

Impulsion spécifique combinée

→ See also: Impulsion spécifique combinée

Si l'impulsion spécifique (${\displaystyle I_{sp}}$) est la même pour tous les moteurs, alors est la même que pour un seul moteur. Si ${\displaystyle I_{sp}}$ est différent pour différents moteurs d'un même étage, on évalue l'impulsion moyenne par la formule suivante :

${\displaystyle I_{sp}={\frac {(F_{1}+F_{2}+\dots )}{{\frac {F_{1}}{I_{sp1}}}+{\frac {F_{2}}{I_{sp2}}}+\dots }}}$

Delta-v (Δv)

Calculs de base

→ See also: Tutorial:Advanced Rocket Design/fr

En fonction que vous soyez dans l'atmosphère ou dans le vide, utilisez la valeur de poussée dans l'atmosphère ou dans le vide, respectivement.

${\displaystyle \Delta v=g_{0}\cdot I_{sp}\cdot ln{\frac {m_{\text{initiale}}}{m_{\text{initiale}}}}}$

${\displaystyle \Delta {v}=ln\left({\frac {M_{start}}{M_{end}}}\right)\cdot I_{sp}\cdot 9.81{\frac {m}{s^{2}}}}$

True Δv of a stage that crosses from atmosphere to vacuum

Calculation of a rocket stage's Δv, taking into account transitioning from atmosphere to vacuum. Δv_out is the amount of Δv required to leave a body's atmosphere, not reach orbit. This equation is useful to figure out the actual Δv of a stage that transitions from atmosphere to vacuum.

${\displaystyle \Delta {v}_{T}={\frac {\Delta {v}_{atm}-\Delta {v}_{out}}{\Delta {v}_{atm}}}\cdot \Delta {v}_{vac}+\Delta {v}_{out}}$

Maps

Various fan-made maps showing the Δv required to travel to a certain body.

Subway style Δv map:

Total Δv values

• http://www.skyrender.net/lp/ksp/system_map.png

Δv change values

• http://i.imgur.com/duY2S.png

Δv nomogram

• http://ubuntuone.com/1kD39BCoV38WP1QeG6MtO6

Δv with Phase Angles

• http://i.imgur.com/dXT6r7s.png

Precise Total Δv values

• http://i.imgur.com/UUU8yCk.png

Math examples

TWR

• Copy template:

TWR = F / (m * g) > 1

I_sp

1. When I_sp is the same for all engines in a stage, then the I_sp is equal to a single engine. So six 200 I_sp engines still yields only 200 I_sp.
2. When I_sp is different for engines in a single stage, then use the following equation:

• Equation:

${\displaystyle I_{sp}={\frac {(F_{1}+F_{2}+\dots )}{{\frac {F_{1}}{I_{sp1}}}+{\frac {F_{2}}{I_{sp2}}}+\dots }}}$

• Simplified:

I_sp = ( F1 + F2 + ... ) / ( ( F1 / I_sp1 ) + ( F2 / I_sp2 ) + ... )

• Explained:

I_sp = ( Force of Thrust of 1st Engine + Force of Thrust of 2nd Engine...and so on... ) / ( ( Force of Thrust of 1st Engine / I_sp of 1st Engine ) + ( Force of Thrust of 2nd Engine / I_sp of 2nd Engine ) + ...and so on... )

• Example:

Two engines, one rated 200 newtons and 120 seconds I_sp ; another engine rated 50 newtons and 200 seconds I_sp.

Isp = (200 newtons + 50 newtons) / ( ( 200 newtons / 120 ) + ( 50 newtons / 200 ) = 130.89 seconds I_sp

Δv

1. For atmospheric Δv value, use atmospheric thrust values.
2. For vacuum Δv value, use vacuum thrust values.
3. Use this equation to figure out the Δv per stage:

• Equation:

${\displaystyle \Delta {v}=ln\left({\frac {M_{start}}{M_{dry}}}\right)\cdot I_{sp}\cdot 9.81{\frac {m}{s^{2}}}}$

• Simplified:

Δv = ln ( Mstart / Mdry ) * I_sp * g

• Explained:

Δv = ln ( Starting Mass / Dry Mass ) X Isp X 9.81

• Example:

Single Stage Rocket that weighs 23 tons when full, 15 tons when fuel is emptied, and engine that outputs 120 seconds I_sp.

Δv = ln ( 23 Tons / 15 Tons ) × 120 seconds I_sp × 9.81m/s² = Total Δv of 503.2 m/s

True Δv

1. How to calculate the Δv of a rocket stage that transitions from Kerbin atmosphere to vacuum.
2. Assumption: It takes approximately 1000 m/s of Δv to escape Kerbin's atmosphere before vacuum Δv values take over for the stage powering the transition.
3. Note: This equation is an guess, approximation, and is not 100% accurate. Per forum user stupid_chris who came up with the equation: "The results will vary a bit depending on your TWR and such, but it should usually be pretty darn accurate."

• Equation for Kerbin Atmospheric Escape:

${\displaystyle \Delta {v}_{T}={\frac {\Delta {v}_{atm}-\Delta {v}_{out}}{\Delta {v}_{atm}}}\cdot \Delta {v}_{vac}+\Delta {v}_{out}}$

• Simplified:

True Δv = ( ( Δv atm - 1000 ) / Δv atm ) * Δv vac + 1000

• Explained:

True Δv = ( ( Total Δv in atmosphere - 1000 m/s) / Total Δv in atmosphere ) X Total Δv in vacuum + 1000

• Example:

Single Stage with total atmospheric Δv of 5000 m/s, and rated 6000 Δv in vacuum.

Transitional Δv = ( ( 5000 Δv atm - 1000 Δv Required to escape Kerbin atmosphere ) / 5000 Δv atm ) X 6000 Δv vac + 1000 Δv Required to escape Kerbin atmosphere = Total Δv of 5800 m/s

See also

• Tutorials
• Terminology
• The Drawing Board: A library of tutorials and other useful information