Difference between revisions of "Duna"

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|radius=320000
 
|radius=320000
 
|mass=4.51548115036107e21
 
|mass=4.51548115036107e21
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|gravPar=301363211975.098
 
 
|gravityv=1.1
 
|gravityv=1.1
 
|escv=1372.4
 
|escv=1372.4
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}}
 
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'''Duna''' est la quatrième planète du système stellaire de [[Kerbol]]. Il est l'analogue de Mars pour Kerbal Space Program   et est principalement rouge avec des calottes polaires. Il a un satellite naturel, la [[moon|lune]] '''[[Ike]]''' . En raison de la taille de Ike et de sa proximité, Ike et Duna sont en rotation synchrone les uns aux autres.
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'''Duna''' is the fourth planet of the [[Kerbol]] star system. It is the Mars analog for Kerbal Space Program and is mostly red with polar icecaps. It has one natural satellite, the [[moon]] '''[[Ike]]'''. Due to Ike's size and proximity, Ike and Duna are tidally locked to each other.
  
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== Topographie ==
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== Topography ==
 
{|
 
{|
 
|
 
|
 
[[File:Duna Topo ISA 3200x1600 compressed.png|thumb|right|A topographic map of Duna made with the ISA MapSat plugin]]
 
[[File:Duna Topo ISA 3200x1600 compressed.png|thumb|right|A topographic map of Duna made with the ISA MapSat plugin]]
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Duna est une planète riche en fer qui a une altitude des terres grandement variée dont la conséquence est un jugement très difficile d'une position d'atterrissage en toute sécurité. Ses chaînes de montagnes sont un danger pour engins de débarquement, en particulier compte tenu de la mince atmosphère, où un très faible aérofreinage  peut être fait en toute sécurité. Il est important de ralentir son vaisseau vers le bas avant de venir dans l'atmosphère, afin d'assurer une descente en toute sécurité.
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Duna is a iron-rich planet which has greatly varying land altitude, the consequence of which is very difficult judgment of a safe landing position. Its mountainous ranges are a peril to landing craft, especially considering the thin atmosphere, where very little aerobraking can be done safely. It is important to slow one's ship down before coming into the atmosphere, to ensure a safe descent.
  
 +
There are several [[w:lunar maria|maria]] (large regions of dark soil) at exactly 0 meters altitude. These are excellent landing locations due to the their flatness and their low altitude, which allows for more aerobraking.
  
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Il existe plusieurs [[w:lunar maria|mers]] (grandes régions de terre noire) à exactement 0 mètres d'altitude. Ce sont d'excellents lieux de débarquement en raison de leur platitude  et de leur faible altitude, ce qui permet un plus grand aérofreinage.
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Duna's poles are very expansive and are the result of a thin atmosphere. The central regions make a shape resembling Europe.
  
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Les pôles de Duna sont très expansifs et sont le résultat d'une atmosphère ténue. Les régions centrales ont une forme ressemblant à Europe.
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Duna's surface contains [[list of easter eggs#Duna|anomolous features]], including a rock face similar to the one seen in [[w:Cydonia (region of Mars)#"Face on Mars"|early satellite images of Mars]].
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La surface de Duna contient [[list of easter eggs#Duna|des éléments anormaux]], comprenant un visage de roche analogue à celui observé dans [[w:Cydonia (region of Mars)#"Face on Mars"|les premières images satellites de Mars]].
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
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== Atmosphère ==
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== Atmosphere ==
 
{|
 
{|
 
|
 
|
 
[[File:Atmosphere_kerbin_duna.png|thumb|right|A comparison of the atmospheres of Duna and Kerbin]]
 
[[File:Atmosphere_kerbin_duna.png|thumb|right|A comparison of the atmospheres of Duna and Kerbin]]
  
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L' [[atmosphere|atmosphère]] de Duna commence à 41.446 m. Il n'est que  20% plus dense que [[Kerbin]] à l'altitude 0 et est même moins dense (par rapport à Kerbin) à des altitudes plus élevées.
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Duna's [[atmosphere]] begins at 41,446 m. It is only 20% as dense as [[Kerbin|Kerbin's]] at altitude 0 and is even less dense (relative to Kerbin) at higher altitudes.
  
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Like all atmospheres in the game, Duna's atmosphere fades exponentially with increasing altitude (with a scale height of 3000 m). In general, the atmospheric pressure on Duna at an altitude expressed in meters is:<ref>A [[LV-N Atomic Rocket Engine|nuclear engine]] has a specific impulse of 220 in 1 atm, 800 in vacuum, and the following at various Duna altitudes:
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Comme toutes les atmosphères dans le jeu, l'atmosphère de Duna s'estompe de façon exponentielle avec l'altitude qui augmente (avec une échelle de hauteur de 3000 m). En général, la pression atmosphérique sur Duna à une altitude exprimée en mètres est:<ref>Un [[LV-N Atomic Rocket Engine|moteur atomique]] a une impulsion spécifique de 220 ​​à 1 atm, 800 sous vide, et la suivante à des altitudes différentes de Duna:
 
 
{|
 
{|
 
| altitude (m)    ||    2 ||  100 ||  300 ||  500 ||  1460 ||  2420 ||  3000 ||  4272 ||  5000 || 10000
 
| altitude (m)    ||    2 ||  100 ||  300 ||  500 ||  1460 ||  2420 ||  3000 ||  4272 ||  5000 || 10000
 
|-
 
|-
−
| impulsion spécifique || 684.1 || 687.8 || 695.1 || 701.8 || 728.7 || 748.2 || 757.3 || 772.1 || 778.1 || 795.9
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| specific impulse || 684.1 || 687.8 || 695.1 || 701.8 || 728.7 || 748.2 || 757.3 || 772.1 || 778.1 || 795.9
 
|}</ref>
 
|}</ref>
  
 
: <math>p_d = 0.2\ e^{-altitude/3000}</math>
 
: <math>p_d = 0.2\ e^{-altitude/3000}</math>
  
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Les parachutes fonctionnent avec une efficacité moindre que sur Kerbin, ce qui rend descente la propulsée nécessaire lors de l'atterrissage depuis l'orbite (à moins que votre vaisseau soit un planeur ou tout simplement un module avec un parachute).
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Parachutes work at lower efficiency than on Kerbin, making powered descent necessary when landing from orbit (unless your craft is a glider or just a pod with a parachute).
  
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Le tableau suivant donne les vitesses terminales à des altitudes différentes de Duna. Ce sont aussi les vitesses auxquelles un vaisseau doit se rendre pour une ascension en carburant optimale depuis Duna, étant donné le modèle du jeu pour la traînée atmosphérique.<ref>http://forum.kerbalspaceprogram.com/showthread.php/6664-Mini-challenge-max-altitude-with-this-supplied-spacecraft?p=100912&viewfull=1#post100912</ref>
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The following table gives terminal velocities at different Duna altitudes. These are also the velocities at which a ship should travel for a fuel-optimal ascent from Duna, given the game's model of atmospheric drag.<ref>http://forum.kerbalspaceprogram.com/showthread.php/6664-Mini-challenge-max-altitude-with-this-supplied-spacecraft?p=100912&viewfull=1#post100912</ref>
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Altitude (m) !! Vélocité (m/s)
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! Altitude (m) !! Velocity (m/s)
 
|-
 
|-
 
|    0 || {{sigfigs|{{VT|planet=Duna|alt=0}}|3}}
 
|    0 || {{sigfigs|{{VT|planet=Duna|alt=0}}|3}}
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|}
 
|}
  
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== Statistiques orbitales ==
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== Orbital Statistics ==
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l'[[w:geosynchronous_orbit|orbite géosynchrone]] de Duna est à une altitude de
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The [[w:geosynchronous_orbit|geosynchronous orbit]] of Duna is at an altitude of
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{{OrbitAltitude | period_s=65517.859375 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }} au dessus de  Duna. La vitesse du satellite est de
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{{OrbitAltitude | period_s=65517.859375 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }} above Duna. The speed of the satellite is
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{{OrbitVelocity | period_s=65517.859375 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }} et  a une période orbitale  d'un 1 jour au dessus de  Duna (18,2 heures ou 65517,859375 secondes). Toutefois, cette orbite n'est pas possible car elle croise la sphère d'influence de Ike.
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{{OrbitVelocity | period_s=65517.859375 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }} and it has an orbital period resonating with 1 Duna day (18.2 hours or 65517.859375 seconds). However, this orbit is not possible since it intersects with Ike's SOI.
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Pour une [[w:semi-synchronous_orbit|orbite semi-synchrone]] d'une ½ journée sur Duna (9.025 hours or 32490 seconds) an orbit of
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For a [[w:semi-synchronous_orbit|semi-synchronous orbit]] of ½ Duna day (9.025 hours or 32490 seconds) an orbit of
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{{OrbitAltitude | period_s=32758.9296875 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }} au dessus de  Duna il est nécéssaire d'avoir une vitesse de
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{{OrbitAltitude | period_s=32758.9296875 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }} above Duna is needed with a velocity of
 
{{OrbitVelocity | period_s=32758.9296875 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }}.
 
{{OrbitVelocity | period_s=32758.9296875 | mass_kg=4.51548115036107e21 | radius_km=320 }}.
  
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== Cadres de référence ==
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== Reference Frames ==
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Warp            || 5x, 10x          || 50x  || 100x  || 1000x  || 10,000x || 100,000x
 
| Warp            || 5x, 10x          || 50x  || 100x  || 1000x  || 10,000x || 100,000x
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Altitude minimale || atmosphère || 60 km || 100 km || 300 km || 600 km  || 800 km
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| Minimum Altitude || above atmosphere || 60 km || 100 km || 300 km || 600 km  || 800 km
 
|}
 
|}
  
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== Gallerie ==
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== Gallery ==
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
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File:ISA_over_Duna.png|Satellite ISA en orbite au-dessus de Duna utilisé pour cartographier la surface de la planète.
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File:ISA_over_Duna.png|ISA satellite in orbit over Duna being used to map the planet surface.
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File:DunaSurface.png|Surface de Duna à l'aube.
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File:DunaSurface.png|Duna's surface at Dawn.
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File:Duna_projection.png|Une projection de Mercator en fausses couleurs de la surface de de Duna à l'aide du plugin ISA MapSat.
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File:Duna_projection.png|A false color Mercator projection of Duna's surface using MapSat.
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File:Duna_and_ike.jpg|Duna et Ike.
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File:Duna_and_ike.jpg|Duna and Ike.
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File:Duna_map_800.gif|Une carte topographique de hauteur de Duna faite avec le  plugin ISA MapSat
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File:Duna_map_800.gif|A topografic height map of Duna made with the ISA MapSat plugin
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File:DoonaMap.png|Une carte de Duna en couleurs.
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File:DoonaMap.png|A color map of Duna
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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== Mises à jour ==
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== Changes ==
 
;{{Version|0.17|}}
 
;{{Version|0.17|}}
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* Publication initiale.
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* Initial Release
  
 
== Notes ==
 
== Notes ==

Revision as of 13:38, 26 November 2012

Template:Planetbox

Duna is the fourth planet of the Kerbol star system. It is the Mars analog for Kerbal Space Program and is mostly red with polar icecaps. It has one natural satellite, the moon Ike. Due to Ike's size and proximity, Ike and Duna are tidally locked to each other.

Topography

A topographic map of Duna made with the ISA MapSat plugin

Duna is a iron-rich planet which has greatly varying land altitude, the consequence of which is very difficult judgment of a safe landing position. Its mountainous ranges are a peril to landing craft, especially considering the thin atmosphere, where very little aerobraking can be done safely. It is important to slow one's ship down before coming into the atmosphere, to ensure a safe descent.

There are several maria (large regions of dark soil) at exactly 0 meters altitude. These are excellent landing locations due to the their flatness and their low altitude, which allows for more aerobraking.

Duna's poles are very expansive and are the result of a thin atmosphere. The central regions make a shape resembling Europe.

Duna's surface contains anomolous features, including a rock face similar to the one seen in early satellite images of Mars.

Atmosphere

A comparison of the atmospheres of Duna and Kerbin

Duna's atmosphere begins at 41,446 m. It is only 20% as dense as Kerbin's at altitude 0 and is even less dense (relative to Kerbin) at higher altitudes.

Like all atmospheres in the game, Duna's atmosphere fades exponentially with increasing altitude (with a scale height of 3000 m). In general, the atmospheric pressure on Duna at an altitude expressed in meters is:[1]

Parachutes work at lower efficiency than on Kerbin, making powered descent necessary when landing from orbit (unless your craft is a glider or just a pod with a parachute).

The following table gives terminal velocities at different Duna altitudes. These are also the velocities at which a ship should travel for a fuel-optimal ascent from Duna, given the game's model of atmospheric drag.[2]

Altitude (m) Velocity (m/s)
0 212
1000 231
2000 252
3000 274
5000 324
8000 418
10000 495
13000 638
15000 756
20000 1.16×103

Orbital Statistics

The geosynchronous orbit of Duna is at an altitude of 0.00 m above Duna. The speed of the satellite is 0.00 m/s and it has an orbital period resonating with 1 Duna day (18.2 hours or 65517.859375 seconds). However, this orbit is not possible since it intersects with Ike's SOI.

For a semi-synchronous orbit of ½ Duna day (9.025 hours or 32490 seconds) an orbit of 0.00 m above Duna is needed with a velocity of 0.00 m/s.

Reference Frames

Warp 5x, 10x 50x 100x 1000x 10,000x 100,000x
Minimum Altitude above atmosphere 60 km 100 km 300 km 600 km 800 km

Gallery

  • ISA satellite in orbit over Duna being used to map the planet surface.

  • Duna's surface at Dawn.

  • Duna projection.png

    A false color Mercator projection of Duna's surface using MapSat.

  • Duna and Ike.

  • A topografic height map of Duna made with the ISA MapSat plugin

  • A color map of Duna

Changes

0.17
  • Initial Release

Notes

  1. ↑ A nuclear engine has a specific impulse of 220 in 1 atm, 800 in vacuum, and the following at various Duna altitudes:
    altitude (m) 2 100 300 500 1460 2420 3000 4272 5000 10000
    specific impulse 684.1 687.8 695.1 701.8 728.7 748.2 757.3 772.1 778.1 795.9
  2. ↑ http://forum.kerbalspaceprogram.com/showthread.php/6664-Mini-challenge-max-altitude-with-this-supplied-spacecraft?p=100912&viewfull=1#post100912


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